LAMP架构应用实战——PHP环境安装配置

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LAMP架构应用实战——PHP环境安装配置

Original 2016-10-26 民工哥 民工哥Linux运维

LAMP架构应用实战——PHP服务

PHP的安装依赖于前面的Apache和MySQL

一：安装环境准备

因些首先服务器上查看下是否安装以上两种服务

1、检查安装路径

[root@Centos /]# ls -ld /application/apache

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Sep 12 03:44 /application/apache -> /application/apache2.4.23

[root@Centos /]# ls -ld /application/mysql-5.1.72

drwxr-xr-x. 11 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 19 09:16 /application/mysql-5.1.72

2、查看服务是否启动

[root@Centos extra]# chkconfig --list|grep httpd

httpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

[root@Centos extra]# chkconfig --list|grep mysql

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

3、查看端口

[root@Centos extra]# netstat -lnt|egrep "3306|80"

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN

二：安装配置所需的库文件

1、检查安装PHP所需要LIB库

[root@Centos tools]# rpm -qa Zlib-devel libxml2-evel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel

#没有显示表明系统没有安装相应的软件包

通过下面的命令进行安装

[root@Centos tools]# yum groupinstall "x software development"

同样也可以通过下面的命令安装

[root@Centos tools]# yum install zlib libxml libjpeg freetype libpng gd curl libiconv Zlib-devel libxml2-evel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel -y

2、安装libiconv库

下载地址：http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/

[root@Centos tools]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.7.tar.gz

--2016-09-20 01:34:01-- http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.7.tar.gz

Resolving ftp.gnu.org... 208.118.235.20, 2001:4830:134:3::b

Connecting to ftp.gnu.org|208.118.235.20|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found

Location: http://113.215.21.31:80/1Q2W3E4R5T6Y7U8I9O0P1Z2X3C4V5B/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.7.tar.gz [following]

--2016-09-20 01:34:02-- http://113.215.21.31/1Q2W3E4R5T6Y7U8I9O0P1Z2X3C4V5B/ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.7.tar.gz

Connecting to 113.215.21.31:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 2941046 (2.8M) [application/x-gzip]

Saving to: “libiconv-1.7.tar.gz”

100%[==========================>] 2,941,046 979K/s in 2.9s

2016-09-20 01:34:07 (979 KB/s) - “libiconv-1.7.tar.gz” saved [2941046/2941046]

解压编译安装

[root@Centos tools]# tar zxf libiconv-1.7.tar.gz

[root@Centos tools]# cd libiconv-1.7

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# ./configure --prefix=/application/libiconv

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# echo $?

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# make

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# echo $?

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# make install

[root@Centos libiconv-1.7]# echo $?

三：安装PHP

1、下载PHP软件

[root@Centos ~]# cd /Downloads/tools/

[root@Centos tools]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.4.22.tar.gz

--2016-09-19 23:20:34-- http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.4.22.tar.gz

Resolving mirrors.sohu.com... 221.236.12.140

Connecting to mirrors.sohu.com|221.236.12.140|:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found

Location: http://113.215.21.25:80/1Q2W3E4R5T6Y7U8I9O0P1Z2X3C4V5B/mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.4.22.tar.gz [following]

--2016-09-19 23:20:39-- http://113.215.21.25/1Q2W3E4R5T6Y7U8I9O0P1Z2X3C4V5B/mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.4.22.tar.gz

Connecting to 113.215.21.25:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 15311831 (15M) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: “php-5.4.22.tar.gz”

100%[=======================>] 15,311,831 1.29M/s in 12s

2016-09-19 23:20:51 (1.20 MB/s) - “php-5.4.22.tar.gz” saved [15311831/15311831]

2、解压软件

[root@Centos /]# cd /Downloads/tools/

[root@Centos tools]# tar zxf php-5.4.22.tar.gz

3、编译安装PHP

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/application/php-5.4.22 \

> --with-apxs2=/application/apache/bin/apxs \

> --with-mysql=/application/mysql-5.1.72 \

> --with-xmlrpc \

> --with-openssl \

> --with-zlib \

> --with-freetype-dir \

> --with-gd \

> --with-jpeg-dir \

> --with-png-dir \

> --with-iconv=/application/libiconv \

> --enable-short-tags \

> --enable-sockets \

> --enable-zend-multibyte \

> --enable-soap \

> --enable-mbstring \

> --enable-static \

> --enable-gd-native-ttf \

> --with-curl \

> --with-xsl \

> --enable-ftp \

> --with-libxml-dir

checking for xml2-config path...

configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# echo $?

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel -y

重新编译

configure: creating ./config.status

creating main/internal_functions.c

creating main/internal_functions_cli.c

+-----------------------------------------+

| License: |

|This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this|

| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |

| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement |

| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |

| the installation process at this poin|

+-----------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec

config.status: creating main/build-defs.h

config.status: creating scripts/phpize

config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1

config.status: creating scripts/php-config

config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1

config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1

config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1

config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1

config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1

config.status: creating main/php_config.h

config.status: executing default commands

configure: WARNING: unrecognized options: --enable-zend-multibyte

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# echo $?

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# make

..........................................中间内容省略

Build complete.

Don't forget to run 'make test'.

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# make install

..........................................中间内容省略

Installing PEAR environment: /application/php-5.4.22/lib/php/

[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.11

[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1

warning: pear/PEAR requires package "pear/Structures_Graph" (recommended version 1.0.4)

warning: pear/PEAR requires package "pear/XML_Util" (recommended version 1.2.1)

[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.9.4

Wrote PEAR system config file at: /application/php-5.4.22/etc/pear.conf

You may want to add: /application/php-5.4.22/lib/php to your php.ini include_path

[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4

[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.2.1

/Downloads/tools/php-5.4.22/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /application/php-5.4.22/bin

ln -s -f /application/php-5.4.22/bin/phar.phar /application/php-5.4.22/bin/phar

Installing PDO headers: /application/php-5.4.22/include/php/ext/pdo/

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# echo $?

四：配置PHP

1、建立一个软链接

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# ln -s /application/php-5.4.22 /application/php

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# ls -l /application/php

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 23 Sep 20 02:27 /application/php -> /application/php-5.4.22

2、查看配置文件

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# ls php.ini*

php.ini-development php.ini-production

将配置文件放到安装路径下

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# ls /application/php/lib/php.ini

/application/php/lib/php.ini

3、配置Apache服务支持PHP

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# cd /application/apache/conf/

[root@Centos conf]# ls

1.txt b.log extra httpd.conf httpd.conf.0918 httpd.conf.2016-09-09 httpd.conf.bak index.html magic mime.types original

[root@Centos conf]# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.20160920

[root@Centos conf]# vi httpd.conf

可以查看下安装文件里面关于配置支持PHP的描述

[root@Centos php-5.4.22]# grep x-httpd-php .php INSTALL

grep: .php: No such file or directory

INSTALL: AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

INSTALL: AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

INSTALL: AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

INSTALL: SetHandler application/x-httpd-php

INSTALL: SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source

INSTALL:RewriteRule (.*\.php)s$ $1 [H=application/x-httpd-php-source]

INSTALL:type=magnus-internal/x-httpd-php exts=php

INSTALL:Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php" [inikey=value inike

INSTALL:<Object name="x-httpd-php">

INSTALL:ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php"

INSTALL: server and assign it the style x-httpd-php. All files in it will

INSTALL: AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

INSTALL: AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

INSTALL:AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

INSTALL: replace the line AddType application/x-httpd-php .php with:

其实只需要增加如下即可

# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you

# probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:

AddType application/x-compress .Z

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

修改默认用户

# running httpd, as with most system services.

User php

Group php

默认是 deamon修改成PHP，可自由修改，如果用户不存在，需添加

修改默认首页文件

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

</IfModule>

默认只有index.html

保存退出后可对比下两个文件看看修改过的内容有哪些

[root@Centos conf]# diff httpd.conf httpd.conf.20160920

160,161c160,161

< User php

< Group php

---

> User daemon

> Group daemon

249c249

< DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

---

> DirectoryIndex index.html

378,379d377

<AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

< AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

五：测试配置

检查Apache语法与重启服务

[root@Centos conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -t

AH00543: httpd: bad user name php

[root@Centos conf]# useradd php -s /sbin/nologin -M

[root@Centos conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -t

Syntax OK

[root@Centos conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful

查看进程与端口

[root@Centos conf]# lsof -i tcp:80

COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

httpd 1866 root 4u IPv6 14604 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd 20498 php 4u IPv6 14604 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd 20499 php 4u IPv6 14604 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd 20500 php 4u IPv6 14604 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

[root@Centos conf]# ps -ef|grep http

root 1866 1 0 02:22 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k start

php 20498 1866 0 03:05 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k start

php 20499 1866 0 03:05 ? 0:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k start

php 20500 1866 0 03:05 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.23/bin/httpd -k start

root 20584 2091 0 03:05 pts/0 00:00:00 grep http

PHP会向httpd.conf添加模块

[root@Centos conf]# grep php httpd.conf

LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

User php

Group php

DirectoryIndex index.php index.html

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

由于之前配置Apache 服务器配置了虚拟主机，所以现在访问默认站点目录肯定访问不了，所以在主配置文件中将虚拟主机功能暂时注释掉

[root@Centos conf]# grep httpd-vhosts /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf

Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

[root@Centos conf]# sed -i 's#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf#\#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf#g' /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf

[root@Centos conf]# grep httpd-vhosts /application/apache/conf/httpd.conf

#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

[root@Centos conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -t

Syntax OK

[root@Centos conf]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl graceful

[root@Centos conf]# cd /application/apache/htdocs/

[root@Centos htdocs]# vi index.php

<?php

phpinfo();

本地客户端浏览输入http://192.168.1.2

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